Armed conflicts have persisted for what feels like an eternity in the Occupied Palestinian Territory, Ukraine, Myanmar, the Democratic Republic of Congo, and Sudan. Amid frequent humanitarian crises, climate-induced emergencies, crippling insecurity, and economic instability, the number of forcibly displaced and stateless people was estimated to have exceeded 130.8 million in 2024.

COP29, which took place in November 2024 in Baku, Azerbaijan, was a pivotal event in addressing the global climate crisis. The summit focused on the urgent need for enhanced climate action, aiming to keep global warming below 1.5°C in line with the Paris Agreement.