The short course on Political Economy of the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDG) reflects upon a central challenge of our times - the sustainable development. It will seek to arrive at an assessment of how seventeen Sustainable Development Goals departs form the Millennium Development Goals. The main focus of the course is on the structure and functions of the United Nations Economic and Social Division and other international organizations dealing with the implementation of the SDGs and Poverty Reduction Strategies across the world. Special attention will be directed to evaluating the evidence that supports or refutes the logic of various theories on causes and consequences of inequality and poverty and how the UN SDGs contribute to eliminating them. Thus, the course offers both theoretical approaches and practical actual case analyses on SDGs design and implementation.